This calculator returns your Medicare Part B and Part D premiums for your income and filing status, and tells you how far you are from the next threshold.
What will Medicare cost at your income?
Medicare charges more once income passes a threshold, and it looks back two years to decide. A conversion or a property sale shows up on the premium bill long after you have forgotten about it.
Part B and Part D amounts from the CMS fact sheet on 2026 premiums and deductibles and the Social Security Administration IRMAA tables (POMS HI 01101.020). Figures verified .
How it works
The premium is set from a two-year-old tax return
Medicare looks back two years. The premium you pay this year was decided by the income you reported two years ago, which means the decision that sets it has usually already been made by the time anyone looks at this. The useful direction is forward: what you do this year sets the premium two years from now.
| Single | Married filing jointly | Part B each | Part D surcharge |
|---|---|---|---|
| Up to $109,000 | Up to $218,000 | $202.90 | None |
| $109,001 to $137,000 | $218,001 to $274,000 | $284.10 | $14.50 |
| $137,001 to $171,000 | $274,001 to $342,000 | $405.80 | $37.50 |
| $171,001 to $205,000 | $342,001 to $410,000 | $527.50 | $60.40 |
| $205,001 to $500,000 | $410,001 to $750,000 | $649.20 | $83.30 |
| Over $500,000 | $750,000 and over | $689.90 | $91.00 |
It moves in steps, not slopes
The surcharge is a bracket, not a rate. One dollar over a threshold moves you to the next tier for the whole year, for both Part B and Part D, and for both spouses on a joint return. That is why the distance to the next edge matters more than the premium itself, and why it is worth knowing before a Roth conversion, a property sale or a lump sum.
Married filing separately is not a middle case. A separate filer at a modest income can land in the fifth tier, which surprises people who assume the brackets scale the way income tax brackets do. The calculator handles it correctly.
Questions
Common questions
Can a surcharge be appealed?
Yes, where a life-changing event has reduced your income since the year Medicare used. Retirement itself is one of them. That is a form filed with the Social Security Administration, and it is the step to take for someone who retires and finds their premium set from their final working year.
What income does it use?
Modified adjusted gross income, which is adjusted gross income plus tax-exempt interest. Municipal bond interest counts here even though it is not taxed, which catches people who hold them for the income.
Check this against your own numbers.
What you do this year sets the premium two years from now, and the surcharge moves in steps rather than smoothly. We can cover it in a short conversation, at no charge and with no obligation.
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